The rationale for people with Kidney Disease taking Immunocal is based on the evidence contained in the abstracts & articles below, which describe the crucial role Glutathione plays in Kidney Disease. Other supporting abstracts can also be found.
Glutathione plays a crucial role in mediating free radical damage & maintaining the oxidant/anti oxidant balance. When glutathione is depleted this tilts the balance in favor of the oxidants - resulting in oxidative stress. Immunocal provides cells with the precursors, or building blocks, needed to produce glutathione. This helps scavenge the free radicals and may slow down the degenerative process.

 Oxidative stress and damage induced by abnormal free radical reactions and IgA nephropathy.

 Distribution of glutathione peroxidase in the glomeruli of IgA nephropathy

 Advanced oxidation protein products accelerate renal fibrosis in a remnant kidney model.

 Glutathione antioxidant system as a marker of oxidative stress in chronic renal failure.

 Oxidative stress in chronic renal failure.

 Glutathione peroxidase activity and reduced glutathione content in erythrocytes of patients with chronic renal failure.

 Systemic human diseases as oxidative risk factors in cataractogenesis. II. Chronic renal failure.

 Oxidant mechanisms in toxic acute renal failure.

 Red blood cell and plasma glutathione peroxidase activities and selenium concentration in patients with chronic kidney disease: a review.

 Simultaneous inhibition of renal phospholipase A(2) and glutathione synthesis by manoalide and DL-buthionine sulfoximine induces acute tubular dysfunction in rats.

 Role of glutathione in an animal model of myoglobinuric acute renal failure.

 Expression of glomerular antioxidant enzymes in human glomerulonephritis.

 Antioxidative treatment retards progression of idiopathic membranous nephropathy

 Antioxidant therapy in glomerular disease

 Low whole blood and erythrocyte levels of glutathione in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.

 Haemolysis in haemodialysis patients: evidence for impaired defence mechanisms against oxidative stress.

 Oxidative stress during dialysis: effect on free radical scavenging enzyme (FRSE) activities and glutathione (GSH) concentration in granulocytes.

 Immunocal Published Medical Articles Abstract Summary